Question 1

The highest surface on this figure is a river terrace.This terrace

Accepted Answer

A)  is older than the modern river channel.
B)  formed sometime in the past.
C)  predates erosion down to the present level.
D)  All of these.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C) D

Question 2

Which of the following is NOT a recommended strategy for observing a landscape?

Accepted Answer

A)  Observe the entire landscape first and then focus on smaller parts, one part at a time.
B)  Examine complexities of each feature rather than grouping features into types.
C)  Focus on one type of feature at a time, noting where this type of feature is present.
D)  Examine relationships between different features.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Carbonate rocks exposed at the surface in wet environments will

Accepted Answer

A)  dissolve and weather readily.
B)  appear smooth and unaltered.
C)  not react chemically to water.D) All of the above
E) None of the above

Question 4

The principle that can be used to determine the relative age of an igneous intrusion called a dike is the principle of

Accepted Answer

A)  cross-cutting relations.
B)  superposition.
C)  original horizontality.
D)  unconformities.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 5

Which of the following best indicates a location where sediment is transported?

Accepted Answer

A)  location 1
B)  location 2
C)  location 3
D)  location 4E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 6

Which of the following is a mineral?

Accepted Answer

A)  ice
B)  crystals grown in a laboratory
C)  volcanic glass
D)  material with crystals of different chemical compounds
E)  None of these.F) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 7

What type of metamorphism would occur in this setting?

Accepted Answer

A)  regional metamorphism
B)  contact metamorphism
C)  subduction
D)  normal faultingE) A) and B)
F) All of the above A

Question 8

The very common mineral shown in this photograph is commonly a pink- to cream-colored mineral with wavy, light-colored lines.What mineral is it?

Accepted Answer

A)  garnet
B)  quartz
C)  biotite
D)  muscovite
E)  feldsparF) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 9

If you were designing a rock that resisted weathering, which of the following characteristics would it have?

Accepted Answer

A)  closely spaced fractures
B)  a soluble chemical composition
C)  a quartz-rich rock
D)  a rock composed of abundant loose pieces
E)  All of these.F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 10

The geologic relationships in this figure indicate that

Accepted Answer

A)  the lava flow pushed the trees over.
B)  the lava flow overlies an angular unconformity.
C)  the lava flow is younger than the landscape surface partially covered by the lava flow.
D)  materials beneath the lava flow were uplifted from great depth.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a mineral?

Accepted Answer

A)  naturally-occurring
B)  organic
C)  solid
D)  ordered internal structure
E)  relatively consistent chemical compositionF) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 12

Which locations consist of sediment rather than sedimentary rocks?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 and 2
B)  2 and 3
C)  3 and 4
D)  1 and 3
E)  2, 3, and 4F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 13

The main type of rocks in the Peninsular Ranges of Southern California and Mexico is

Accepted Answer

A)  volcanic rocks erupted from a large volcano.
B)  granite and metamorphic rocks that formed at depth.
C)  flat-lying sedimentary rocks.
D)  unconsolidated sand and gravel.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 14

Which of the following best indicates a location where sediment is deposited but not eroded?

Accepted Answer

A)  location 1
B)  location 2
C)  location 3
D)  location 4E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 15

Which numbered layer represents the oldest layer?

Accepted Answer

A)  1
B)  2
C)  3
D)  4E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 16

Which of the four sedimentary layers in this figure is the oldest?

Accepted Answer

A)  the layer on top
B)  the layers in the middle
C)  the layer on bottom
D)  There is not enough information to tell.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 17

Which of the following rocks is composed of the smallest sedimentary clasts?

Accepted Answer

A)  breccia
B)  conglomerate
C)  shale
D)  sandstoneE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

The mineral shown in this photograph is

Accepted Answer

A)  pyrite.
B)  hematite.
C)  dolomite.
D)  gypsum.
E)  halite.F) A) and B)
G) C) and E) A

Question 19

A welded igneous texture indicates that

Accepted Answer

A)  there was a lot of gas in the magma.
B)  the rock cooled quickly.
C)  the rock broke apart as it flowed.
D)  the rock cooled slowly.
E)  the ash and pumice were hot and became compacted.F) A) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 20

From this cross section of the Grand Canyon, the oldest rocks or structures are the

Accepted Answer

A)  Late Cenozoic basalts.
B)  Mesozoic sedimentary rocks.
C)  Precambrian sedimentary and igneous rocks.
D)  Precambrian metamorphic rocks and granite.
E)  Hurricane fault and faults along the Grand Wash Cliffs.F) B) and E)
G) All of the above

Exam 9: Understanding Landscapes

The highest surface on this figure is a river terrace.This terrace

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Which of the following is NOT a recommended strategy for observing a landscape?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Carbonate rocks exposed at the surface in wet environments will

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The principle that can be used to determine the relative age of an igneous intrusion called a dike is the principle of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following best indicates a location where sediment is transported?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a mineral?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What type of metamorphism would occur in this setting?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

The very common mineral shown in this photograph is commonly a pink- to cream-colored mineral with wavy, light-colored lines.What mineral is it?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you were designing a rock that resisted weathering, which of the following characteristics would it have?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The geologic relationships in this figure indicate that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a mineral?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which locations consist of sediment rather than sedimentary rocks?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The main type of rocks in the Peninsular Ranges of Southern California and Mexico is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following best indicates a location where sediment is deposited but not eroded?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which numbered layer represents the oldest layer?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the four sedimentary layers in this figure is the oldest?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following rocks is composed of the smallest sedimentary clasts?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The mineral shown in this photograph is

Correct AnswerverifiedA

A welded igneous texture indicates that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

From this cross section of the Grand Canyon, the oldest rocks or structures are the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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