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Quantitative is to qualitative as:


A) objective is to subjective.
B) subjective is to objective.
C) inductive is to deductive.
D) deductive is to inductive.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Differentiate between the three interview types put forth in this chapter.

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The three interview types are: structure...

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The number of inferences made on the part of the researcher is _____ for qualitative research than for quantitative research.


A) higher
B) lower
C) the same
D) exactly one more

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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Gestalt psychology is a school of thought that believes the whole is greater than the sum of its parts. Which qualitative research approach most closely mirrors the tenets of Gestalt psychology?


A) archival analysis
B) phenomenological analysis
C) holistic analysis
D) situated analysis

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Which of the following would NOT be considered a good transition?


A) "Moving on to another aspect."
B) "Let's introduce a new topic."
C) "Can you give me examples of when that happened?"
D) "On a related note, let's discuss how that applied to this other thing."

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Quantitative research is well-suited for each of the following, EXCEPT:


A) determining how variables relate.
B) predicting outcomes.
C) gaining detailed descriptions of experience and perspective.
D) making comparisons.

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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Which of the following is a blatant way that researchers can influence an interview?


A) demographic characteristics (e.g., age, gender, race)
B) physical attractiveness
C) attire
D) leading questions

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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Olivia is conducting a longitudinal study on adolescence. During the first wave she interviewed each participant about their familial relationships. She used the information she obtained to develop a measure of familial relationships that she administered during the second wave of the study. In the first wave, Olivia is using _____, in the second wave she is using _____.


A) qualitative; quantitative
B) quantitative; qualitative
C) interview data; archival data
D) archival data; interview data

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Which is the correct order of operations in a top-down approach?


A) gather information; formulate theory; confirm or reject predictions
B) formulate theory; gather information; confirm or reject predictions
C) confirm or reject predictions; formulate theory; gather information
D) gather information; confirm or reject predictions; formulate theory

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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Lamar was in a near-death experience and as a result has changed his life dramatically. Paul also had a traumatic experience, but soon after went back to his normal routine. A(n) _____ approach would allow researchers to thoroughly investigate the meaning of those experiences to each individual.


A) holistic
B) situated
C) archival
D) phenomenological

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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In the _____ approach, researchers gather information before forming concrete ideas about how variables are related.


A) top-down
B) bottom-up
C) top-up
D) bottom-down

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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In qualitative research, how do interviewers maintain confidentiality?


A) only state the participants' name in published reports
B) not ask for participants' names
C) use a pseudonym
D) mix-up participants' names so they are assigned to different responses

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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What is the difference between qualitative and quantitative research?

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Qualitative research is a generic term r...

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The difference between conversation analysis and content analysis is that:


A) one focuses on delivery and the other on content.
B) one focuses on the truth and the other on strategic deception.
C) one focuses on pre-existing data to draw conclusions.
D) one focuses solely on a specific event or behavior.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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A _____ is a comprehensive study of a specific organization, group, or person studied over an extended period.


A) interview
B) focus group
C) case study
D) research study

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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How might a researcher engage in triangulation?


A) use the same techniques multiple times
B) use different techniques to obtain different information
C) study the same participants at multiple times
D) employ multiple techniques to assess the same information

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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Learning about qualitative research methods will serve psychologists in each of the following roles, EXCEPT when:


A) conducting scholarship interviews.
B) doing some investigative reporting.
C) using statistics to find patterns in numerical data.
D) serving on a job-search committee.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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A holistic analysis is:


A) a method that examines a topic while it is embedded within its naturally occurring context.
B) one that seeks to understand a human experience and the meaning of experiences based on how those involved view the situation.
C) one in which the researcher examines how numerous properties contribute to the larger whole.
D) the process of using multiple techniques to assess the same information.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following is true of "warm-up" questions during an interview?


A) They are unnecessary.
B) They tend to be very specific.
C) They set a tone of obedience to the researcher.
D) They encourage the participant to talk.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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The top-down approach is where researchers:


A) develop a theory by exploring a topic using information provided from the participant's direct experiences.
B) use numbers and statistics to objectively examine associations between variables, predict outcomes, and make comparisons.
C) test preconceptions and previously established theories with collected data.
D) the process of using multiple techniques to assess the same information.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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