Question 1

High concentrations of toxic heavy metals in estuaries are most likely to be found in

Accepted Answer

A)   the water of the estuary.
B)   air above the estuary.
C)   the sediments.
D)   the water of the adjacent ocean.
E)   the air above the adjacent land.F) B) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 2

Plastics in the sea are a hazard to marine life because

Accepted Answer

A)   they ensnare animals.
B)   they are eaten by animals.
C)   their colors confuse animals.
D)   they ensnare animals and they are eaten by animals.
E)   they ensnare animals, they are eaten by animals, and their colors confuse animals.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 3

A toxicant is a substance that is not normally found in the environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Over 50% of the world's coastal mangroves forests have been destroyed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Natural mangrove stands provide a coast with

Accepted Answer

A)   protection from waves.
B)   protection from storms.
C)   habitats for fish and shellfish.
D)   protection from waves and protection from storms.
E)   protection from waves, protection from storms, and habitats for fish and shellfish.F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 6

Hypoxia, or low-oxygen conditions, is generally considered to occur when oxygen in the water drops to ________ ppm.

Accepted Answer

A)   15
B)   10
C)   5
D)   2
E)   0F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 7

Addition of harmful substances to the environment is called eutrophication.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

A toxicant is a substance that is not normally found in the environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Oil spill cleanup techniques are able to recover and remove the majority of spilled oil from the marine environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The number of human-caused oil spills in the ocean have decreased since the 1970s.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Only animals are considered invasive species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

There are more than 6,000 marine protected areas (MPAs)  worldwide accounting for approximately ______ percent of the world's surface ocean.

Accepted Answer

A)   1
B)   2
C)   5
D)   10
E)   20F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 13

PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls)  were

Accepted Answer

A)   in greatest use in the early 1960s.
B)   are no longer manufactured or used in the U.S.
C)   are still entering the environment from previous use.
D)   remain in the sediments for unknown periods of time.
E)   All of these are correct.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 14

The ecology of San Francisco Bay is being disrupted by

Accepted Answer

A)   Asian clams.
B)   comb jellies.
C)   European green crabs.
D)   Asian clams and European green crabs.
E)   Asian clams, comb jellies, and European green crabs.F) None of the above
G) All of the above

Question 15

Ecosystem-based management allows for diverse societal use of fish stocks including all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)   tourism.
B)   ecosystem health.
C)   fishing down the food chain.
D)   fishing.
E)   recreation.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 16

Overfishing did not become an issue until about 100 years ago.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The number of large oil spills in the marine environment has decreased over the last 45 years.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Human expansion can lead to altered marine ecosystems by

Accepted Answer

A)   introducing new species.
B)   conserving biodiversity.
C)   surveying marine species.
D)   reducing incidental bycatch.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

An example of fishing through the foodweb is

Accepted Answer

A)   successively removing apex predators.
B)   simultaneously fishing at multiple trophic levels.
C)   fishing with trawl nets.
D)   using fish pens for mariculture.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

The term "bycatch" refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   all fish caught in nets.
B)   animals other than fish caught in nets.
C)   fish that are processed on board the fishing vessel.
D)   fish other than the targeted species, often thrown away.
E)   None of these are correct.F) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

Exam 15: Environmental Issues

Human expansion can lead to altered marine ecosystems by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The ecology of San Francisco Bay is being disrupted by

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An example of fishing through the foodweb is

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Hypoxia, or low-oxygen conditions, is generally considered to occur when oxygen in the water drops to ________ ppm.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls) were

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term "bycatch" refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Oil spill cleanup techniques are able to recover and remove the majority of spilled oil from the marine environment.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ecosystem-based management allows for diverse societal use of fish stocks including all of the following except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Natural mangrove stands provide a coast with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A toxicant is a substance that is not normally found in the environment.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The number of human-caused oil spills in the ocean have decreased since the 1970s.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A toxicant is a substance that is not normally found in the environment.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

There are more than 6,000 marine protected areas (MPAs) worldwide accounting for approximately ______ percent of the world's surface ocean.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

High concentrations of toxic heavy metals in estuaries are most likely to be found in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The number of large oil spills in the marine environment has decreased over the last 45 years.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Plastics in the sea are a hazard to marine life because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Addition of harmful substances to the environment is called eutrophication.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Overfishing did not become an issue until about 100 years ago.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Only animals are considered invasive species.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Over 50% of the world's coastal mangroves forests have been destroyed.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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