Question 1

Why is it important for us to understand both sensation and perception? How does this relate to bottom-up and top-down processing?

Accepted Answer

Perception is the overall process of app...

Question 2

The gate-control theory of pain suggests that cells in the spinal cord interrupt and block some pain signals and let others get through to the brain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

According to Hering's opponent-process theory,all colour experiences arise from two underlying systems,each of which includes two opponent elements

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

Which statement about supertasters is based on research?

Accepted Answer

A)  men are more likely to be supertasters than are women.
B)  supertasters are likely to have fewer pain receptors on their tongues.
C)  supertasters have more taste buds than nontasters.
D)  there is no genetic component to supertasting abiity.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

Motion sickness occurs when signals from the vestibular system are in conflict with signals from which other system?

Accepted Answer

A)  kinesthetic
B)  auditory
C)  olfactory
D)  visualE) A) and B)
F) A) and C) D

Question 6

Which of the following terms does not belong with the others?

Accepted Answer

A)  frequency
B)  hue
C)  saturation
D)  brightnessE) A) and D)
F) C) and D) A

Question 7

The fans love the new scoreboard at the ballpark.Every time a batter hits a home run,flashing lights on the scoreboard make it look as though an imaginary ball is leaving the field.Which term best explains this illusion?

Accepted Answer

A)  the Ponzo illusion.
B)  the law of proximity.
C)  relative motion parallax.
D)  the phi phenomenon.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 8

If you hold a pencil at arm's length and slowly move it closer to your face,the ciliary muscles change the thickness of the lens of the eye to permit variable focusing on the pencil.This process is known as convergence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Why is radio static perceived as noise?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is composed of simple structures of fundamental frequencies and harmonics.
B)  It contains multiple amplitudes.
C)  It has a fundamental frequency.
D)  It contains many audible frequencies.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 10

Which description best explains the process of dark adaptation?

Accepted Answer

A)  improved sensitivity of rods over time.
B)  improved sensitivity of cones over time.
C)  improved sensitivity of amacrine cells over time.
D)  improved sensitivity of bipolar cells over time.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

What are the basic taste qualities?

Accepted Answer

A)  simple,complex,and interactive.
B)  temperature,texture,and chemical composition.
C)  bland,savoury,spicy,rancid,and tart.
D)  sweet,sour,bitter,saline,and umami.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 12

A child is driving a bumper car in an amusement park.At the last instant he swerves to avoid a crash with another car.Which cue allows the child to sense how quickly another car is approaching?

Accepted Answer

A)  The speed of the air molecules impacting on his face.
B)  The rate at which his retinal image of the other car expands.
C)  The peripheral cue associated with motion parallax.
D)  The increasing intensity of the sound made by the other car.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 13

There is an interactive exhibit on the senses at a science fair.For the sense of hearing,there is a gigantic ear through which viewers can walk.What is the order in which patrons will encounter the structures listed below,as they move through the ear?

Accepted Answer

A)  tympanic membrane,middle ear,auditory nerve,pinna,cochlea
B)  cochlea,middle ear,pinna,tympanic membrane,auditory nerve
C)  auditory nerve,tympanic membrane,pinna,cochlea,middle ear
D)  pinna,tympanic membrane,middle ear,cochlea,auditory nerveE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 14

Sir Thomas Young proposed the existence of only three colour receptors.How did he explain the sensation of so many other colours?

Accepted Answer

A)  He could not explain the sensation of other colours,although many years later another scientist did.
B)  All other colours are additive or subtractive combinations of the colours he identified.
C)  The brain "learns" to sense other colours,but only after experience with the first three.
D)  All other colours were afterimages of the three colours he identified.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 15

During which stage of the perceptual process do higher-level cognitive processes,such as memories,values,beliefs,and attitudes assign meaning?

Accepted Answer

A)  sensation
B)  perceptual organization
C)  synthesis
D)  identification and recognitionE) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 16

According to the place theory of pitch perception,what happens when one is presented with a high-frequency tone?

Accepted Answer

A)  A greater number of action potentials reach the auditory nerve.
B)  The bones of the middle ear move at a faster rate.
C)  The movement of the basilar membrane is greatest at the end of the cochlea (farthest away from the oval and round windows) .
D)  The movement of the basilar membrane is greatest at the base of the cochlea (closest to the oval and round windows) .E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 17

Frank,who was an experienced teacher,had few problems reading the student's sloppy answer because he had asked this question before and knew in advance what the student was likely to write.What type of processing is being described?

Accepted Answer

A)  top-down.
B)  bottom-up.
C)  data-driven.
D)  sensory-driven.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 18

How is the pitch of a sound wave determined?

Accepted Answer

A)  By intensity
B)  By amplitude
C)  By frequency
D)  By heightE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 19

Near the end of a negative afterimage demonstration,the audience looked at a blank white screen,but responded that they had seen a red and white Canadian flag.What colour was the original flag that they were likely required to view at the onset of the demonstration?

Accepted Answer

A)  green and black
B)  blue and white
C)  red and white
D)  blue and greenE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 20

From her seat in the top row of the stadium,the football fan had a great view of the halftime entertainment.As she watched,two large groups of band members were marching toward,then through one another,in opposite directions.Which Gestalt law allows her to keep track of each separate group?

Accepted Answer

A)  proximity.
B)  similarity.
C)  closure.
D)  common fate.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Exam 5: A: Sensation and Perception

Why is it important for us to understand both sensation and perception? How does this relate to bottom-up and top-down processing?

Correct AnswerverifiedPerception is the overall process of app...View AnswerShow Answer

The gate-control theory of pain suggests that cells in the spinal cord interrupt and block some pain signals and let others get through to the brain.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Hering's opponent-process theory,all colour experiences arise from two underlying systems,each of which includes two opponent elements

Correct AnswerverifiedFalse

Which statement about supertasters is based on research?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Motion sickness occurs when signals from the vestibular system are in conflict with signals from which other system?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Which of the following terms does not belong with the others?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

The fans love the new scoreboard at the ballpark.Every time a batter hits a home run,flashing lights on the scoreboard make it look as though an imaginary ball is leaving the field.Which term best explains this illusion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you hold a pencil at arm's length and slowly move it closer to your face,the ciliary muscles change the thickness of the lens of the eye to permit variable focusing on the pencil.This process is known as convergence.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why is radio static perceived as noise?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which description best explains the process of dark adaptation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the basic taste qualities?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A child is driving a bumper car in an amusement park.At the last instant he swerves to avoid a crash with another car.Which cue allows the child to sense how quickly another car is approaching?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

There is an interactive exhibit on the senses at a science fair.For the sense of hearing,there is a gigantic ear through which viewers can walk.What is the order in which patrons will encounter the structures listed below,as they move through the ear?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sir Thomas Young proposed the existence of only three colour receptors.How did he explain the sensation of so many other colours?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During which stage of the perceptual process do higher-level cognitive processes,such as memories,values,beliefs,and attitudes assign meaning?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the place theory of pitch perception,what happens when one is presented with a high-frequency tone?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Frank,who was an experienced teacher,had few problems reading the student's sloppy answer because he had asked this question before and knew in advance what the student was likely to write.What type of processing is being described?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How is the pitch of a sound wave determined?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Near the end of a negative afterimage demonstration,the audience looked at a blank white screen,but responded that they had seen a red and white Canadian flag.What colour was the original flag that they were likely required to view at the onset of the demonstration?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

From her seat in the top row of the stadium,the football fan had a great view of the halftime entertainment.As she watched,two large groups of band members were marching toward,then through one another,in opposite directions.Which Gestalt law allows her to keep track of each separate group?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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