Question 1

In twin studies the key comparison involves determining how many pairs of twins either have the same disorder or are free of the disorder; this involves the calculation of

Accepted Answer

A)  discordance rates.
B)  concordance rates.
C)  shared environment rates.
D)  nonshared environment rates.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 2

Socialization is a process that leads a child to develop

Accepted Answer

A)  identity.
B)  self-schema.
C)  self-concept.
D)  self-control.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 3

What is a phenotype?

Accepted Answer

A)  a genetic structure
B)  a set of observable traits
C)  a pattern of dominant and recessive genes
D)  a description of a chromosomal abnormalityE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 4

In patients with schizophrenia,what two parts of the brain are larger than normal?

Accepted Answer

A)  Frontal lobe and parietal lobe
B)  Medulla and corpus callosum
C)  Ventricles and planum temporale
D)  Planum temporale and amygdalaE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

The correlation between scores on a measure of hostility and age at death is -.64.We could conclude from this correlation coefficient that people who have

Accepted Answer

A)  high hostility scores tend to live longer.
B)  low hostility scores tend to die younger.
C)  high hostility scores tend to die younger.
D)  low hostility scores die 64 percent sooner than those with high hostility scores.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 6

Even when twin studies find that monozygotic twins have higher concordance rates than dizygotic twins,it is possible these results are not due to genetics but to the possibility that

Accepted Answer

A)  DZ twins are usually treated very similarly.
B)  MZ twins may be treated more similarly than DZ twins.
C)  MZ twins are easier to locate and study.
D)  DZ twins are more likely to live in similar environments.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

A newspaper headline heralds a finding that an excess of a particular brain chemical is the cause of a certain mental disorder.The article is not convincing to you.What potential flaw do you note in the report?

Accepted Answer

A)  The chemical change could be due to other variables.
B)  Chemical changes cannot bring about changes in behavior.
C)  The genetic code associated with the chemical has not been identified.
D)  Such findings are very difficult to generalize to the entire population.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

In psychoanalytic theory,sexual and aggressive drives are part of the

Accepted Answer

A)  id.
B)  ego.
C)  superego.
D)  conscience.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

Systems theory acknowledges that multiple contributions are important to causality and that they also

Accepted Answer

A)  focus on childhood experiences.
B)  are unconscious conflicts.
C)  focus on physical illnesses.
D)  are interdependent.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

Who is credited with beginning the modern science of psychology at the University of Leipzig?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ivan Pavlov
B)  Wilhelm Wundt
C)  B.F.Skinner
D)  Sigmund FreudE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 11

According to the principles of operant conditioning,what happens when negative reinforcement is applied?

Accepted Answer

A)  behavior increases
B)  behavior decreases
C)  behavior is punished
D)  behavior remains at the same levelE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 12

According to Sigmund Freud,what is the purpose of defense mechanisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  to reduce anxiety
B)  to establish reality contact
C)  to develop self?actualization
D)  to reduce reliance on social supportE) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 13

Dualism refers to the out-of-date idea that

Accepted Answer

A)  mind and body are separate.
B)  the whole is more than the sum of its parts.
C)  the brain is made up of structures and functions.
D)  behavior is influenced by free will and determinism.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 14

What term is used to describe the pattern of behavior that is apparent before a disorder develops?

Accepted Answer

A)  premorbid history
B)  prognosis
C)  homeostasis
D)  developmental historyE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

What are attributions? Why are psychologists interested in them? Describe,with a specific example,how attributions can be used to explain depression.

Accepted Answer

Attributions involve how people perceive...

Question 16

Mary and Jim took their two-year-old to the supermarket this past week.For more than an hour all Little Jimmy did was yell and scream because in the past this would have obtained him an ice cream cone.Jim managed to ignore him.Finally,Little Jimmy stopped yelling and screaming.What operant conditioning concept is illustrated by this story?

Accepted Answer

A)  shaping
B)  extinction
C)  punishment
D)  token economyE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 17

Explain why MZ twins who divorce have more psychological problems than their married co-twins is not due to the difference in genes nor childrearing experiences that the twins share.

Accepted Answer

Identical twins have identical genes and...

Question 18

What are the four major anatomic components of a neuron?

Accepted Answer

A)  dendrite,nerve,axon,and soma
B)  soma,dendrite,axon,and axon terminal
C)  nerve,nerve ending,synapse,and transmitter
D)  soma,receptor,transmitter,nerveE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

The basic building blocks of the brain,the cells that are most active,are known as __________ .

Accepted Answer

The answer of The basic building blocks of the brain,the...

Question 20

Modeling is learning based on

Accepted Answer

A)  imitation.
B)  self actualization.
C)  operant conditioning.
D)  classical conditioning.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Exam 2: Causes of Abnormal Behavior

In patients with schizophrenia,what two parts of the brain are larger than normal?

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

In twin studies the key comparison involves determining how many pairs of twins either have the same disorder or are free of the disorder; this involves the calculation of

Correct Answer
verified

What is a phenotype?

Correct Answer
verified

What are the four major anatomic components of a neuron?

Correct Answer
verified

In psychoanalytic theory,sexual and aggressive drives are part of the

Correct Answer
verified

Explain why MZ twins who divorce have more psychological problems than their married co-twins is not due to the difference in genes nor childrearing experiences that the twins share.

Correct Answer
verified
Identical twins have identical genes and...
View Answer

Systems theory acknowledges that multiple contributions are important to causality and that they also

Correct Answer
verified

According to Sigmund Freud,what is the purpose of defense mechanisms?

Correct Answer
verified

Socialization is a process that leads a child to develop

Correct Answer
verified

What term is used to describe the pattern of behavior that is apparent before a disorder develops?

Correct Answer
verified

Modeling is learning based on

Correct Answer
verified

What are attributions? Why are psychologists interested in them? Describe,with a specific example,how attributions can be used to explain depression.

Correct Answer
verified
Attributions involve how people perceive...
View Answer

According to the principles of operant conditioning,what happens when negative reinforcement is applied?

Correct Answer
verified

The correlation between scores on a measure of hostility and age at death is -.64.We could conclude from this correlation coefficient that people who have

Correct Answer
verified

A newspaper headline heralds a finding that an excess of a particular brain chemical is the cause of a certain mental disorder.The article is not convincing to you.What potential flaw do you note in the report?

Correct Answer
verified

Even when twin studies find that monozygotic twins have higher concordance rates than dizygotic twins,it is possible these results are not due to genetics but to the possibility that

Correct Answer
verified

Who is credited with beginning the modern science of psychology at the University of Leipzig?

Correct Answer
verified

The basic building blocks of the brain,the cells that are most active,are known as __________ .

Correct Answer
verified

Dualism refers to the out-of-date idea that

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 2: Causes of Abnormal Behavior

In patients with schizophrenia,what two parts of the brain are larger than normal?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In twin studies the key comparison involves determining how many pairs of twins either have the same disorder or are free of the disorder; this involves the calculation of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is a phenotype?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the four major anatomic components of a neuron?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In psychoanalytic theory,sexual and aggressive drives are part of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain why MZ twins who divorce have more psychological problems than their married co-twins is not due to the difference in genes nor childrearing experiences that the twins share.

Correct AnswerverifiedIdentical twins have identical genes and...View AnswerShow Answer

Systems theory acknowledges that multiple contributions are important to causality and that they also

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Sigmund Freud,what is the purpose of defense mechanisms?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Socialization is a process that leads a child to develop

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What term is used to describe the pattern of behavior that is apparent before a disorder develops?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Modeling is learning based on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are attributions? Why are psychologists interested in them? Describe,with a specific example,how attributions can be used to explain depression.

Correct AnswerverifiedAttributions involve how people perceive...View AnswerShow Answer

According to the principles of operant conditioning,what happens when negative reinforcement is applied?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The correlation between scores on a measure of hostility and age at death is -.64.We could conclude from this correlation coefficient that people who have

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A newspaper headline heralds a finding that an excess of a particular brain chemical is the cause of a certain mental disorder.The article is not convincing to you.What potential flaw do you note in the report?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Even when twin studies find that monozygotic twins have higher concordance rates than dizygotic twins,it is possible these results are not due to genetics but to the possibility that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Who is credited with beginning the modern science of psychology at the University of Leipzig?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The basic building blocks of the brain,the cells that are most active,are known as __________ .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dualism refers to the out-of-date idea that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Identical twins have identical genes and...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified
Attributions involve how people perceive...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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