Question 1

In the kidneys,the countercurrent mechanism involves the interaction between the flow of filtrate through the nephron loop of the juxtamedullary nephrons (the countercurrent multiplier)and the flow of blood through the limbs of adjacent blood vessels (the countercurrent exchanger).This relationship establishes and maintains an osmotic gradient extending from the cortex through the depths of the medulla that allows the kidneys to vary urine concentration dramatically.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Angiotensin II is a substance made by the body to lower blood pressure during stress.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The proximal convoluted tubule is the portion of the nephron that attaches to the collecting duct.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Tubular secretion is effective in controlling blood pH.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Ellen,a 47-year-old woman who has suffered kidney disease for several years,has been diagnosed with proteinuria.Her legs and feet are so swollen that she has difficulty walking.Her hands and her left arm are also swollen.What is proteinuria,and could this condition be playing a role in her swollen limbs?

Accepted Answer

Proteinuria is a condition in which the ...

Question 6

Which of the following is not associated with the renal corpuscle?

Accepted Answer

A)   a fenestrated capillary
B)   a podocyte
C)   an efferent arteriole
D)   a vasa rectaE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Figure 25.2
Using Figure 25.2, match the following:
-Filtrate at the site of these cells is about the same osmolarity as blood plasma.

Accepted Answer

A)  E
B)  C
C)  D
D)  B
E)  AF) All of the above
G) B) and D) A

Question 8

Which of the following statements best describes the difference between the intrinsic and extrinsic controls of the kidney?

Accepted Answer

A)   Extrinsic controls have the greatest effect on systemic blood pressure while intrinsic control have a greater effect on GFR.
B)   Extrinsic controls will reduce blood plasma volume while intrinsic controls will increase blood plasma volumes.
C)   Intrinsic controls raise blood pressure while extrinsic controls lower blood pressure.
D)   Extrinsic and intrinsic controls work in nearly opposite ways.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

Select the correct statement about urinary system development.

Accepted Answer

A)   The metanephric ducts will become the urethras.
B)   The pronephros (first tubule system)  develops during the tenth week of gestation.
C)   The mesonephros will develop into the kidneys.
D)   Kidneys develop from urogenital ridges.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 10

What is the best explanation for the microvilli on the apical surface of the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   They increase the surface area and allow for a greater volume of filtrate components to be reabsorbed.
B)   Their movements propel the filtrate through the tubules.
C)   They increase the amount of surface area that comes in contact with the blood's plasma to help activly excrete toxins.
D)   They hold on to enzymes that cleanse the filtrate before reabsorption.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

The urinary bladder is composed of ________ epithelium.

Accepted Answer

A)   transitional
B)   stratified squamous
C)   pseudostratified columnar
D)   simple squamousE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Most electrolyte reabsorption by the renal tubules is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   hormonally controlled in distal tubule segments
B)   not limited by a transport maximum
C)   in the distal convoluted tubule
D)   accomplished after the nephron loop is reachedE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

The kidneys are stimulated to produce renin ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   when the pH of the urine decreases
B)   when the specific gravity of urine rises above 1.10
C)   when the peritubular capillaries are dilated
D)   by a decrease in the blood pressureE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 14

The entire responsibility for urine formation lies with the nephron.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 15

If the diameter of the afferent arterioles leading to the glomerulus increases (vasodilation) which of the following is not likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)   Net filtration pressure will increase.
B)   Urine output will increase.
C)   Systemic blood pressure will go up.
D)   Glomerular filtration rate will increase.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 16

If the diameter of the efferent arterioles leading away from the glomerulus increases (vasodilation) which of the following is not likely to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)   Urine output will decrease.
B)   Net filtration pressure will decrease.
C)   Systemic blood pressure will decrease.
D)   Glomerular filtration rate will decrease.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 17

If the Tm for a particular amino acid is 120 mg/100 ml and the concentration of that amino acid in the blood is 230 mg/100 ml,the amino acid will ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   appear in the urine
B)   be completely reabsorbed by the tubule cells
C)   be actively secreted into the filtrate
D)   be completely reabsorbed by secondary active transportE) A) and B)
F) A) and C) A

Question 18

The collecting duct is impermeable to water in the presence of ADH.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Figure 25.1
Using Figure 25.1, match the following:
-Which label marks a structure at the medulla of the kidney?

Accepted Answer

A)  B
B)  C
C)  A
D)  D
E)  EF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 20

Select the correct statement about the nephrons.

Accepted Answer

A)   Podocytes are the branching epithelial cells that line the tubules of the nephron.
B)   The parietal layer of the glomerular capsule is simple squamous epithelium.
C)   The glomerulus is correctly described as the proximal end of the proximal convoluted tubule.
D)   Filtration slits are the pores that give fenestrated capillaries their name.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Exam 25: The Urinary System

Correct Answer
verified

Angiotensin II is a substance made by the body to lower blood pressure during stress.

Correct Answer
verified

The proximal convoluted tubule is the portion of the nephron that attaches to the collecting duct.

Correct Answer
verified

Tubular secretion is effective in controlling blood pH.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Proteinuria is a condition in which the ...
View Answer

Which of the following is not associated with the renal corpuscle?

Correct Answer
verified

Figure 25.2 Using Figure 25.2, match the following: -Filtrate at the site of these cells is about the same osmolarity as blood plasma.

Correct Answer
verified
A

Which of the following statements best describes the difference between the intrinsic and extrinsic controls of the kidney?

Correct Answer
verified

Select the correct statement about urinary system development.

Correct Answer
verified

What is the best explanation for the microvilli on the apical surface of the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) ?

Correct Answer
verified

The urinary bladder is composed of ________ epithelium.

Correct Answer
verified

Most electrolyte reabsorption by the renal tubules is ________.

Correct Answer
verified

The kidneys are stimulated to produce renin ________.

Correct Answer
verified

The entire responsibility for urine formation lies with the nephron.

Correct Answer
verified
True

If the diameter of the afferent arterioles leading to the glomerulus increases (vasodilation) which of the following is not likely to occur?

Correct Answer
verified

If the diameter of the efferent arterioles leading away from the glomerulus increases (vasodilation) which of the following is not likely to occur?

Correct Answer
verified

If the Tm for a particular amino acid is 120 mg/100 ml and the concentration of that amino acid in the blood is 230 mg/100 ml,the amino acid will ________.

Correct Answer
verified
A

The collecting duct is impermeable to water in the presence of ADH.

Correct Answer
verified

Figure 25.1 Using Figure 25.1, match the following: -Which label marks a structure at the medulla of the kidney?

Correct Answer
verified

Select the correct statement about the nephrons.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 25: The Urinary System

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Angiotensin II is a substance made by the body to lower blood pressure during stress.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The proximal convoluted tubule is the portion of the nephron that attaches to the collecting duct.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Tubular secretion is effective in controlling blood pH.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedProteinuria is a condition in which the ...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following is not associated with the renal corpuscle?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure 25.2 Using Figure 25.2, match the following: -Filtrate at the site of these cells is about the same osmolarity as blood plasma.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Which of the following statements best describes the difference between the intrinsic and extrinsic controls of the kidney?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Select the correct statement about urinary system development.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the best explanation for the microvilli on the apical surface of the proximal convoluted tubule (PCT) ?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The urinary bladder is composed of ________ epithelium.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most electrolyte reabsorption by the renal tubules is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The kidneys are stimulated to produce renin ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The entire responsibility for urine formation lies with the nephron.

Correct AnswerverifiedTrue

If the diameter of the afferent arterioles leading to the glomerulus increases (vasodilation) which of the following is not likely to occur?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the diameter of the efferent arterioles leading away from the glomerulus increases (vasodilation) which of the following is not likely to occur?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the Tm for a particular amino acid is 120 mg/100 ml and the concentration of that amino acid in the blood is 230 mg/100 ml,the amino acid will ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

The collecting duct is impermeable to water in the presence of ADH.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Figure 25.1 Using Figure 25.1, match the following: -Which label marks a structure at the medulla of the kidney?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Select the correct statement about the nephrons.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Proteinuria is a condition in which the ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
True

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified