Question 1

Because REM sleep is similar to wakefulness in several respects,it makes sense that REM sleep circuits are controlled by a structure involved in maintaining wakefulness: the

Accepted Answer

A)   thalamus.
B)   basal forebrain.
C)   reticular activating system.
D)   cerveau isolé.
E)   both A and BF) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 2

It is impossible for a human to stay awake longer than ________ hours without experiencing life-threatening physiological problems.

Accepted Answer

A)   24
B)   36
C)   48
D)   60
E)   none of the aboveF) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 3

During REM sleep,there

Accepted Answer

A)   is a general increase in muscle tension in the muscles of the body core.
B)   is little EMG activity in the muscles of the body core.
C)   are occasional bursts of delta activity.
D)   are occasional bursts of EMG activity from the cortex.
E)   both B and CF) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 4

REM sleep without the usual core muscle atonia is likely a consequence of damage to the

Accepted Answer

A)   caudal hypothalamus.
B)   cerveau isolé.
C)   nucleus magnocellularis.
D)   supraoptic nucleus.
E)   subfornical organ.F) C) and E)
G) None of the above C

Question 5

Describe three major discoveries about circadian rhythms.Explain why these particular discoveries are so important.

Accepted Answer

75% for describing three impor...

Question 6

The carousel apparatus has been used to study sleep deprivation in

Accepted Answer

A)   rats.
B)   men and women.
C)   children.
D)   horses.
E)   monkeys.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 7

Paradoxically,people suffering from sleep apnea are often diagnosed as suffering from either insomnia or

Accepted Answer

A)   restless legs.
B)   nocturnal myoclonus.
C)   hypersomnia.
D)   all of the above
E)   either A or BF) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 8

The __________ apparatus has been used to study the effects of sleep deprivation in rats.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The __________ apparatus has been used to...

Question 9

One of the most important properties of sleep is that its efficiency increases in response to

Accepted Answer

A)   sleep reduction.
B)   cognitive overload.
C)   light.
D)   tricyclic antidepressants.
E)   stress.F) A) and C)
G) C) and E)

Question 10

The EOG is a measure of

Accepted Answer

A)   the first-night phenomenon.
B)   eye movement.
C)   eye-muscle tension.
D)   stage 1 EEG.
E)   both B and CF) None of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 11

Theories postulating that sleep permits the body to recover from internal deficits produced by wakefulness are often referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)   adaptation theories.
B)   recuperation theories.
C)   free-running theories.
D)   circadian theories.
E)   diurnal theories.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 12

Slow-wave sleep seems to play a particularly important

Accepted Answer

A)   recuperative role.
B)   psychological role.
C)   circadian role.
D)   physiological role.
E)   mnemonic role.F) None of the above
G) A) and E) A

Question 13

Following the completion of one week of REM-sleep deprivation,volunteers

Accepted Answer

A)   normally sleep for about 16 hours and then awaken refreshed.
B)   gradually increase the amount of REM sleep that they have each night until they get back to their original baseline.
C)   have a greater than usual proportion of REM sleep for 2 or 3 nights.
D)   often display psychosis for 2 or 3 days and report particularly lucid dreams.
E)   both C and DF) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 14

Paradoxically,insomnia is often caused by

Accepted Answer

A)   anxiety.
B)   depression.
C)   hypnotic drugs.
D)   addiction to stimulant drugs.
E)   sleep deprivation.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 15

One neuropsychological patient had virtually no REM sleep following a brain injury,and he

Accepted Answer

A)   became neurotic.
B)   developed hypersomnia.
C)   did not seem to be adversely affected.
D)   had disturbing dreams during SWS.
E)   became suicidal.F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 16

In males,some degree of penile erection usually occurs during

Accepted Answer

A)   sex-related dreams.
B)   dreams with no sexual content.
C)   REM sleep.
D)   all of the above
E)   both A and CF) D) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 17

Desynchronized EEG is

Accepted Answer

A)   low amplitude, high frequency.
B)   low frequency.
C)   high amplitude.
D)   high amplitude, high frequency.
E)   both B and CF) B) and C)
G) B) and E) A

Question 18

How much sleep do we really need? According to the text,the evidence suggests that,if sleep is monophasic,the answer seems to be about __________ hours per night for most people.

Accepted Answer

A)   3.0
B)   5.5
C)   7.0
D)   8.0
E)   10.0F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 19

Many sleep-deprivation studies have assessed its impact on human

Accepted Answer

A)   physiological function.
B)   mood.
C)   cognition.
D)   all of the above
E)   none of the aboveF) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 20

The entrainment of circadian rhythms by visual zeitgebers is mediated by

Accepted Answer

A)   part of the optic nerve.
B)   the retinohypothalamic tract.
C)   a rare type of retinal ganglion cell.
D)   all of the above
E)   both A and CF) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Exam 14: Sleep, Dreaming, and Circadian Rhythms

Because REM sleep is similar to wakefulness in several respects,it makes sense that REM sleep circuits are controlled by a structure involved in maintaining wakefulness: the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

It is impossible for a human to stay awake longer than ________ hours without experiencing life-threatening physiological problems.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During REM sleep,there

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

REM sleep without the usual core muscle atonia is likely a consequence of damage to the

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Describe three major discoveries about circadian rhythms.Explain why these particular discoveries are so important.

Correct Answerverified75% for describing three impor...View AnswerShow Answer

The carousel apparatus has been used to study sleep deprivation in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Paradoxically,people suffering from sleep apnea are often diagnosed as suffering from either insomnia or

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The __________ apparatus has been used to study the effects of sleep deprivation in rats.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One of the most important properties of sleep is that its efficiency increases in response to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The EOG is a measure of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Theories postulating that sleep permits the body to recover from internal deficits produced by wakefulness are often referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Slow-wave sleep seems to play a particularly important

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Following the completion of one week of REM-sleep deprivation,volunteers

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Paradoxically,insomnia is often caused by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One neuropsychological patient had virtually no REM sleep following a brain injury,and he

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In males,some degree of penile erection usually occurs during

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Desynchronized EEG is

Correct AnswerverifiedA

How much sleep do we really need? According to the text,the evidence suggests that,if sleep is monophasic,the answer seems to be about __________ hours per night for most people.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many sleep-deprivation studies have assessed its impact on human

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The entrainment of circadian rhythms by visual zeitgebers is mediated by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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