Question 1

According to bottom-up and top-down control models of community organization,which of the following expressions would imply that an increase in the size of a carnivore (C) population would negatively impact on its prey (P) population,but not vice versa?

Accepted Answer

A)  P ← C
B)  P → C
C)  C ↔ P
D)  P ← C → P
E)  C ← P →F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 2

Use the following diagram of five islands formed at around the same time near a particular mainland,as well as MacArthur and Wilson's island biogeography principles,to answer the following questions.
 
-Which island would likely exhibit the most impoverished species diversity?

Accepted Answer

A)  A
B)  B
C)  C
D)  D
E)  EF) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 3

The next series of questions presumes that you have at least once visited and have some knowledge of the fast-food restaurant McDonald's.Use your knowledge of McDonald's and your understanding of community ecology to answer the following questions about an ecological community,McDonaldland.
-Which two "species" are likely to compete for the same ecological niche?

Accepted Answer

A)  Big Mac and Quarter Pounder
B)  French Fries and Hash Browns
C)  Premium Caesar Salad with Crispy Chicken and Premium Crispy Chicken Classic Sandwich
D)  Filet-O-Fish and Double Cheeseburger
E)  No two species can ever occupy the same ecological niche.F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 4

According to the equilibrium model of island biogeography,species richness would be greatest on an island that is

Accepted Answer

A)  small and close to a mainland.
B)  large and close to a mainland.
C)  intermediate size and remote.
D)  remote, small and surrounded by many smaller islands.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

Prairie dogs once covered the expanses of the Great Plains.Their grazing made the grass more nutritious for the huge herds of bison,and they were preyed upon by a variety of snakes,raptors,and mammals.In fact,the black-footed ferret (now endangered) specialized in prairie dog predation.Today,increases in housing and agricultural developments have eradicated many prairie dog towns.Which of the following statements about prairie dogs is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Their realized niche has expanded.
B)  They have a competitive relationship with bison.
C)  They are probably a poor candidate for keystone species.
D)  Their fundamental niche has been compromised.
E)  Their fundamental niche has expanded.F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 6

During the course of the formation of a parasite/host relationship,a critical first step in this evolution would be

Accepted Answer

A)  changing the behaviour of the host or intermediate host.
B)  developing asexual reproduction.
C)  deriving nourishment without killing the host.
D)  starting as an ectoparasite and then later becoming an endoparasite.
E)  utilizing heterotropic nutrition during infection and autotrophic nutrition during dormancy.F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 7

The plague bacterium Yersinia pestis,is well-known for the high death toll it caused in Europe during the Middle Ages.Upon introduction to North America,this disease

Accepted Answer

A)  caused high death rates in isolated human communities.
B)  did not spread because humans are immune to it.
C)  spread to other species, such a native prairie dogs, which suffered high mortality rates.
D)  affected predators of prairie dogs, soil chemistry, and plant growth.
E)  C and DF) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 8

Of the following zoonotic diseases,which is most likely to be studied by a community ecologist?

Accepted Answer

A)  mad cow disease
B)  hantavirus
C)  AIDS
D)  avian flu
E)  trichinosisF) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 9

Evidence shows that some grasses benefit from being grazed.Which of the following terms would best describe this plant-herbivore interaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  mutualism
B)  commensalism
C)  parasitism
D)  competition
E)  predationF) All of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 10

Connell conducted this experiment to learn more about

Accepted Answer

A)  character displacement in the colour of barnacles.
B)  habitat preference in two different species of barnacles.
C)  desiccation resistance and barnacle species.
D)  how sea-level changes affect barnacle distribution.
E)  competitive exclusion and distribution of barnacle species.F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 11

Which of the following is the most accepted hypothesis as to why invasive species take over communities into which they have been introduced?

Accepted Answer

A)  Invasive species are more aggressive than native species in competing for the limited resources of the environment.
B)  Invasive species are not held in check by the predators and agents of disease that have always been in place for the native species.
C)  Humans carefully select which species will outcompete nuisance native species.
D)  Invasive species have a higher reproductive potential than native species.
E)  Invasive species come from geographically isolated regions, so when they are introduced to regions where there is more competition, they thrive.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 12

What interactions exist between acacia trees in South America and stinging ants?

Accepted Answer

A)  +/+
B)  +/o
C)  +/-
D)  o/oE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Keystone predators can maintain species diversity in a community if they

Accepted Answer

A)  are the fastest predators.
B)  prey on the community's dominant species.
C)  maintain exponential growth.
D)  avoid consuming omnivores.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 14

The oak tree pathogen,Phytophthora ramorum,has migrated 650 km in 10 years.West Nile virus spread from New York State to 46 other states in 5 years.The difference in the rate of spread is probably related to

Accepted Answer

A)  the lethality of each pathogen.
B)  the mobility of their hosts.
C)  the fact that viruses are very small.
D)  innate resistance.
E)  dormancy viability.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 15

The principle of competitive exclusion states that

Accepted Answer

A)  two species cannot coexist in the same habitat.
B)  competition between two species always causes extinction or emigration of one species.
C)  competition in a population promotes survival of the best-adapted individuals.
D)  two species that have exactly the same niche cannot coexist in a community.
E)  two species will stop reproducing until one species leaves the habitat.F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 16

Resource partitioning would be most likely to occur between

Accepted Answer

A)  sympatric populations of a predator and its prey.
B)  sympatric populations of species with similar ecological niches.
C)  sympatric populations of a flowering plant and its specialized insect pollinator.
D)  allopatric populations of the same animal species.
E)  allopatric populations of species with similar ecological niches.F) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 17

Based on the intermediate disturbance hypothesis,a community's species diversity is increased by

Accepted Answer

A)  moderate levels of disturbance.
B)  frequent natural disasters of large magnitude.
C)  stable conditions with small fluctuations.
D)  human-caused disturbances such as clear cutting and burning.
E)  A and CF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 18

Imagine five forest communities,each with 100 individuals distributed among four different tree species (W,X,Y,and Z) .Which forest community would be most diverse?

Accepted Answer

A)  25W, 25X, 25Y, 25Z
B)  40W, 30X, 20Y, 10Z
C)  50W, 25X, 15Y, 10Z
D)  70W, 10X, 10Y, 10Z
E)  100W, 0X, 0Y, 0ZF) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 19

What is the main advantage of controlled burnings of forested areas? Controlled burnings ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  eliminate the possibility of forest fires
B)  clear forested areas for farmland
C)  prevent the overgrowth of the underbrush
D)  allow new species to formE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 20

In a two-week marketing analysis,McDonald's was interested in finding out the popularity of the Big Mac.Using the realized/fundamental niche concept of community ecology,what should the marketing researchers do?

Accepted Answer

A)  Study the sales of McDonald's restaurants that are in close proximity to other fast-food restaurants.
B)  Serve only Big Macs at McDonald's and analyze the sales.
C)  Remove the Quarter Pounder from the menu and see if Big Mac sales increase.
D)  Serve Big Macs without the special sauce to see if sales go down.
E)  Serve Big Macs during breakfast hours.F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Exam 54: Community Ecology

What interactions exist between acacia trees in South America and stinging ants?

Correct Answer
verified

Of the following zoonotic diseases,which is most likely to be studied by a community ecologist?

Correct Answer
verified

Connell conducted this experiment to learn more about

Correct Answer
verified

The principle of competitive exclusion states that

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is the most accepted hypothesis as to why invasive species take over communities into which they have been introduced?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Based on the intermediate disturbance hypothesis,a community's species diversity is increased by

Correct Answer
verified

During the course of the formation of a parasite/host relationship,a critical first step in this evolution would be

Correct Answer
verified

Keystone predators can maintain species diversity in a community if they

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Imagine five forest communities,each with 100 individuals distributed among four different tree species (W,X,Y,and Z) .Which forest community would be most diverse?

Correct Answer
verified

Evidence shows that some grasses benefit from being grazed.Which of the following terms would best describe this plant-herbivore interaction?

Correct Answer
verified

In a two-week marketing analysis,McDonald's was interested in finding out the popularity of the Big Mac.Using the realized/fundamental niche concept of community ecology,what should the marketing researchers do?

Correct Answer
verified

The plague bacterium Yersinia pestis,is well-known for the high death toll it caused in Europe during the Middle Ages.Upon introduction to North America,this disease

Correct Answer
verified

Use the following diagram of five islands formed at around the same time near a particular mainland,as well as MacArthur and Wilson's island biogeography principles,to answer the following questions. -Which island would likely exhibit the most impoverished species diversity?

Correct Answer
verified

What is the main advantage of controlled burnings of forested areas? Controlled burnings ________.

Correct Answer
verified

The oak tree pathogen,Phytophthora ramorum,has migrated 650 km in 10 years.West Nile virus spread from New York State to 46 other states in 5 years.The difference in the rate of spread is probably related to

Correct Answer
verified

According to the equilibrium model of island biogeography,species richness would be greatest on an island that is

Correct Answer
verified

Resource partitioning would be most likely to occur between

Correct Answer
verified

According to bottom-up and top-down control models of community organization,which of the following expressions would imply that an increase in the size of a carnivore (C) population would negatively impact on its prey (P) population,but not vice versa?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 54: Community Ecology

What interactions exist between acacia trees in South America and stinging ants?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Of the following zoonotic diseases,which is most likely to be studied by a community ecologist?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Connell conducted this experiment to learn more about

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The principle of competitive exclusion states that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is the most accepted hypothesis as to why invasive species take over communities into which they have been introduced?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based on the intermediate disturbance hypothesis,a community's species diversity is increased by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During the course of the formation of a parasite/host relationship,a critical first step in this evolution would be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Keystone predators can maintain species diversity in a community if they

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Imagine five forest communities,each with 100 individuals distributed among four different tree species (W,X,Y,and Z) .Which forest community would be most diverse?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evidence shows that some grasses benefit from being grazed.Which of the following terms would best describe this plant-herbivore interaction?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a two-week marketing analysis,McDonald's was interested in finding out the popularity of the Big Mac.Using the realized/fundamental niche concept of community ecology,what should the marketing researchers do?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The plague bacterium Yersinia pestis,is well-known for the high death toll it caused in Europe during the Middle Ages.Upon introduction to North America,this disease

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Use the following diagram of five islands formed at around the same time near a particular mainland,as well as MacArthur and Wilson's island biogeography principles,to answer the following questions. -Which island would likely exhibit the most impoverished species diversity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the main advantage of controlled burnings of forested areas? Controlled burnings ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The oak tree pathogen,Phytophthora ramorum,has migrated 650 km in 10 years.West Nile virus spread from New York State to 46 other states in 5 years.The difference in the rate of spread is probably related to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the equilibrium model of island biogeography,species richness would be greatest on an island that is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Resource partitioning would be most likely to occur between

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to bottom-up and top-down control models of community organization,which of the following expressions would imply that an increase in the size of a carnivore (C) population would negatively impact on its prey (P) population,but not vice versa?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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