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Mecca in Muhammad's time could best be described as


A) a haven for thieves and lawbreakers.
B) a cosmopolitan center of trade.
C) one of the least religious cities in Arabia.
D) open to new religious views.
E) accepting of the new precepts of Islam.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

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Describe the conditions in Pre-Islamic Arabia that proved conducive to the doctrines of Muhammad. Did Islam succeed because of the pen, the sword, or both?

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Pre-Islamic Arabia was characterized by ...

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Precisely what is the Jihad? Elaborate on its significance.

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The term "Jihad" is often misunderstood ...

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The element that proved most compelling in the success of the jihad was


A) the promise of heaven.
B) an economic crisis.
C) hatred of non-Arabs.
D) division among Muslim opponents.
E) the promise of seventy virgins.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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This question number was omitted in the printed copy of the test bank. To maintain the integrity of the numbering system between the printed copy and ExamView, this question has been marked "do not use on test" in ExamView's question information dialog.


A) not available
B) .not available
C) not available..
D) not available.
E) all of the above

F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

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Muhammad's son-in-law, the last "orthodox" caliph according to Shi'ites, was ____________________.

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Ali

The Non-Muslims who were considered to be closer to an understanding of the truth and, therefore, more privileged, were known as ____________________, or ____________________ of the ____________________.

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Dhimmis; P...

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Which of these statements is true of jihad ?


A) Jihad means to strive against the desire for worldly goods.
B) All Muslims are commanded by God to participate in jihads .
C) Participating in a jihad was one way for young men to attain adulthood.
D) A jihad always involved a military holy war.
E) Dying in a jihad assured one of an eternal reward.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Which of the following was not a reason for the success of Muhammad and his followers in spreading Islam?


A) The faith was simple to explain and to understand.
B) Believers were promised an eternal reward for their faithfulness.
C) Islam's moral and ethical code attracted many who disliked the dissension of Christianity and the complexities of Judaism.
D) The Five Pillars of Faith were easier to hold to than were the Ten Commandments.
E) The doctrine of salvation that Muhammad preached gave believers a single, living God who promised never to fail them.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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List and explain factors that might account for the effectiveness of Muslim rule in conquered territory beyond Arabia.

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There are several factors that might acc...

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The spread of the Islamic empire was halted in 733 at


A) Córdoba, Spain.
B) Lyons, France.
C) Madrid, Spain.
D) Cairo, Egypt.
E) Tours, France.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Until 750, the social prestige and position of the Arab Bedouins


A) varied according to their wealth.
B) was sometimes below even that of slaves.
C) was at the top of the pyramid.
D) was above that of the dhimmis but below that of converts.
E) was lower than that of the dhimmis.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

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Shi'ite Muslims insist that the only rightful caliphs are descendants of


A) Omar.
B) Harun.
C) Abu Bakr.
D) Muhammad.
E) Muawiya.

F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

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After being introduced into places such as Syria and Lebanon, Islam quickly became the dominant religion there, often in response to


A) the sharp divisions within Christianity.
B) the exclusionary practices of the Jews.
C) major military assaults that were unrivaled in their viciousness.
D) the promise of economic success held out to those who converted peacefully.
E) the leadership of Abu Bakr.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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A

Define and discuss the main doctrines of Islam. How might Muhammad be considered a reformer?

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Islam is based on several main doctrines...

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The assassination of Ali, the Fourth Caliph, resulted in


A) the formation of the Abbasid Dynasty.
B) a civil war that lasted for one hundred years.
C) the establishment of a system for selecting caliphs that pleased both groups.
D) the establishment of the Umayyad Dynasty.
E) the capital city of Islam being moved back to Mecca from Medina.

F) All of the above
G) C) and D)

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The ____________________ dynasty turned away from an all-Arab elite within religion and government.

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The Umayyad leader Muawiya would best be described as


A) clearheaded and cautious.
B) an austere, quiet leader.
C) a capable statesman.
D) diligent but unimaginative.
E) adventurous and somewhat careless.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Islam was transformed into a true world religion by the


A) Shi'ites.
B) Abbasids.
C) Sufis.
D) Umayyads.
E) Qur'aish.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

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The Arabic word "Islam" means, literally,


A) submission.
B) holy war.
C) conversion.
D) son of Allah.
E) acceptance.

F) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

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A

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