Question 1

Time-out is an example of negative punishment, which is also called __________.

Accepted Answer

response cost

Question 2

Negative attention-seeking will develop in some children because

Accepted Answer

A)   punishment is always ineffective and teaches aggression.
B)   the parents reward the children's correct social behaviors in only limited situations.
C)   punishment was not used to get rid of the negative attention-seeking in the children.
D)   the children receive attention when they are ill-behaved but are ignored when they are well-behaved.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 3

After repeatedly pairing the appearance of a nurse in green scrubs with the painful experience of getting a vaccination, the patient will react every time they see a nurse in green grubs enter the room. In this example, the nurse in the green scrubs is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   conditioned response (CR) .
B)   conditioned stimulus (CS) .
C)   unconditioned response (UR) .
D)   unconditioned stimulus (US) .E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 4

Many involuntary, autonomic system responses ("fight-or-flight" reflexes)  are linked with new stimuli and situations by

Accepted Answer

A)   operant extinction.
B)   classical conditioning.
C)   operant conditioning.
D)   instrumental acquisition.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 5

Regarding the experiments using intracranial self-stimulation, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)   When rats self-administer nicotine, they are even more likely to engage in intracranial self-stimulation because nicotine further increases the sensitivity of the pleasure pathways.
B)   After the rats had pressed the intracranial self-stimulation lever to exhaustion, they were less likely to press the lever again once they were revived.
C)   Intracranial self-stimulation involves electrical stimulation of the limbic system of the brain.
D)   Intracranial self-stimulation is considered to be a primary reinforcer.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B) B

Question 6

Your friend tells you that "negative reinforcement is a type of punishment." Explain why your friend is VERY WRONG about these concepts by giving the definition and an example of each concept.

Accepted Answer

Answer will include the definition diffe...

Question 7

Your dog has learned to run to his food dish whenever he sees you go to the closet in the laundry room where you keep his dry food. Your dog learned this association through

Accepted Answer

A)   instrumental learning.
B)   classical conditioning.
C)   observational learning.
D)   operant conditioning.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 8

Choosing a target behavior, recording a baseline, establishing goals, choosing reinforcers, recording progress, rewarding progress, and adjusting one's plan are the steps making up a procedure known as __________.

Accepted Answer

behavioral...

Question 9

The type of learning that involves higher mental processes, such as understanding, knowing, or anticipating is called __________ learning.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The type of learning that involves higher...

Question 10

After watching a great deal of televised violence, people often become less likely to react negatively to the violence, that is, they become __________ to it.

Accepted Answer

The answer of After watching a great deal of televised...

Question 11

Bernice is "potty training" 18-month-old Kenny. First, she allows him to become familiar with the potty chair, next she reinforces Kenny for just sitting on the potty, and finally she reinforces Kenny for actually "using" the potty. Bernice is using a procedure called

Accepted Answer

A)   latent learning.
B)   vicarious classical conditioning.
C)   shaping.
D)   intermittent conditioning.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 12

Taking away a teen's privileges or using time out with younger children are examples of

Accepted Answer

A)   aversive conditioning.
B)   response chaining.
C)   negative reinforcement.
D)   punishment.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

In classical conditioning, a neutral stimulus is repeatedly paired with another stimulus that naturally elicits a reflex response. This neutral stimulus will become known as the

Accepted Answer

A)   unconditioned stimulus.
B)   conditioned stimulus.
C)   reflexive stimulus.
D)   latent stimulus.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 14

The effectiveness of punishers depends greatly on all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   timing.
B)   consistency.
C)   intensity.
D)   generalization.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C) D

Question 15

Explain the difference between primary and secondary reinforcers, including how secondary reinforcers develop, and give two examples of each type of reinforcer.

Accepted Answer

Answer includes the definitions of prima...

Question 16

Which of the following types of associative learning is also known as instrumental learning and can be used to alter your own behavior and the behavior of pets, children, and other adults?

Accepted Answer

A)   respondent conditioning
B)   operant conditioning
C)   classical conditioning
D)   Pavlovian conditioningE) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 17

Unlocking the secrets of which type of learning begins with noting what happens before and after a particular behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)   associative learning
B)   insight learning
C)   cognitive learning
D)   vicarious learningE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

The removal of a pleasant state of affairs that reduces the frequency of a target behavior is referred to as response cost, or

Accepted Answer

A)   positive punishment.
B)   negative reinforcement.
C)   negative punishment.
D)   nonreinforcement.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

It has been widely accepted that that many phobias begin as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   spontaneous recovery.
B)   operant reinforcer.
C)   response chain.
D)   conditioned emotional response.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 20

Operant conditioning involves which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   unconditioned responses
B)   reflexes
C)   reinforcement
D)   conditioned responsesE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Exam 6: Conditioning and Learning

Time-out is an example of negative punishment, which is also called __________.

Correct Answerverifiedresponse cost

Negative attention-seeking will develop in some children because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After repeatedly pairing the appearance of a nurse in green scrubs with the painful experience of getting a vaccination, the patient will react every time they see a nurse in green grubs enter the room. In this example, the nurse in the green scrubs is a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Many involuntary, autonomic system responses ("fight-or-flight" reflexes) are linked with new stimuli and situations by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Regarding the experiments using intracranial self-stimulation, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Your friend tells you that "negative reinforcement is a type of punishment." Explain why your friend is VERY WRONG about these concepts by giving the definition and an example of each concept.

Correct AnswerverifiedAnswer will include the definition diffe...View AnswerShow Answer

Your dog has learned to run to his food dish whenever he sees you go to the closet in the laundry room where you keep his dry food. Your dog learned this association through

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Choosing a target behavior, recording a baseline, establishing goals, choosing reinforcers, recording progress, rewarding progress, and adjusting one's plan are the steps making up a procedure known as __________.

Correct Answerverifiedbehavioral...View AnswerShow Answer

The type of learning that involves higher mental processes, such as understanding, knowing, or anticipating is called __________ learning.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After watching a great deal of televised violence, people often become less likely to react negatively to the violence, that is, they become __________ to it.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bernice is "potty training" 18-month-old Kenny. First, she allows him to become familiar with the potty chair, next she reinforces Kenny for just sitting on the potty, and finally she reinforces Kenny for actually "using" the potty. Bernice is using a procedure called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Taking away a teen's privileges or using time out with younger children are examples of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In classical conditioning, a neutral stimulus is repeatedly paired with another stimulus that naturally elicits a reflex response. This neutral stimulus will become known as the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The effectiveness of punishers depends greatly on all of the following EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Explain the difference between primary and secondary reinforcers, including how secondary reinforcers develop, and give two examples of each type of reinforcer.

Correct AnswerverifiedAnswer includes the definitions of prima...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following types of associative learning is also known as instrumental learning and can be used to alter your own behavior and the behavior of pets, children, and other adults?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Unlocking the secrets of which type of learning begins with noting what happens before and after a particular behavior?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The removal of a pleasant state of affairs that reduces the frequency of a target behavior is referred to as response cost, or

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

It has been widely accepted that that many phobias begin as a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Operant conditioning involves which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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response cost

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B

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behavioral...
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D

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Answer includes the definitions of prima...
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