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Exam 13: Forensic Toxicology

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Question 21

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About 95-98 percent of alcohol is oxidized to what two substances?

A) Carbon dioxide and dehydrogenase
B) Water and acetic acid
C) Acetaldehyde and acetic acid
D) Water and carbon dioxide

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Question 22

Multiple Choice

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Which of the following drugs is NOT found in blood or urine?

A) Morphine
B) Heroin
C) Amphetamine
D) Methadone

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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Question 23

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A fuel cell detector converts alcohol in alveolar breath into ________ acid.

Alcohol, marijuana, and ________ account for 90 percent or more of the drugs encountered in a typical toxicology laboratory.

The three stages which occur after a chemical enters the body are absorption, distribution, and ________.

Match the word in Column 1 to its definition in Column 2. Each answer can only be used once. A)Small sacs in the lungs through whose walls air and other vapors are exchanged between the breath and the blood B)Substance that stops the growth of microorganisms in blood C)A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart D)A compound capable of accepting a hydrogen ion (H+) E)An individual charged with the responsibility of detecting and identifying the presence of drugs and poisons in body fluids, tissues, and organs F)A compound capable of donating a hydrogen ion (H+)to another compound G)A blood vessel that transports blood toward the heart H)A symbol used to express the basicity or acidity of a substance. A value of 7 is neutral; lower values are acidic; higher values basic. I)Elimination of alcohol from the body in an unchanged state; typically in breath and urine J)The combination of oxygen with other substances to produce new products K)A tiny blood vessel that receives blood from arteries and carries it to veins and across whose walls exchange of materials between the blood and the tissues takes place L)The transformation of a chemical in the body to other chemicals for the purpose of facilitating its elimination from the body M)A substance that prevents the of clotting of the blood N)A detector in which a chemical reaction involving alcohol produces electricity O)The passage of alcohol across the wall of the stomach and small intestine into the bloodstream -Fuel cell detector

Which analytical technique is widely used for directly measuring the amount of alcohol present in the blood?

What are acids and bases? How are they used to extract and categorize drugs?

Blood and ________ should be collected from any suspected drug user.

Carbon monoxide combines with what component of blood?

Analyzing segments of hair for drug content may define the timeline for drug use, dating it back over a period of:

Match the word in Column 1 to its definition in Column 2. Each answer can only be used once. A)Small sacs in the lungs through whose walls air and other vapors are exchanged between the breath and the blood B)Substance that stops the growth of microorganisms in blood C)A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart D)A compound capable of accepting a hydrogen ion (H+) E)An individual charged with the responsibility of detecting and identifying the presence of drugs and poisons in body fluids, tissues, and organs F)A compound capable of donating a hydrogen ion (H+)to another compound G)A blood vessel that transports blood toward the heart H)A symbol used to express the basicity or acidity of a substance. A value of 7 is neutral; lower values are acidic; higher values basic. I)Elimination of alcohol from the body in an unchanged state; typically in breath and urine J)The combination of oxygen with other substances to produce new products K)A tiny blood vessel that receives blood from arteries and carries it to veins and across whose walls exchange of materials between the blood and the tissues takes place L)The transformation of a chemical in the body to other chemicals for the purpose of facilitating its elimination from the body M)A substance that prevents the of clotting of the blood N)A detector in which a chemical reaction involving alcohol produces electricity O)The passage of alcohol across the wall of the stomach and small intestine into the bloodstream -pH

Match the word in Column 1 to its definition in Column 2. Each answer can only be used once. A)Small sacs in the lungs through whose walls air and other vapors are exchanged between the breath and the blood B)Substance that stops the growth of microorganisms in blood C)A blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart D)A compound capable of accepting a hydrogen ion (H+) E)An individual charged with the responsibility of detecting and identifying the presence of drugs and poisons in body fluids, tissues, and organs F)A compound capable of donating a hydrogen ion (H+)to another compound G)A blood vessel that transports blood toward the heart H)A symbol used to express the basicity or acidity of a substance. A value of 7 is neutral; lower values are acidic; higher values basic. I)Elimination of alcohol from the body in an unchanged state; typically in breath and urine J)The combination of oxygen with other substances to produce new products K)A tiny blood vessel that receives blood from arteries and carries it to veins and across whose walls exchange of materials between the blood and the tissues takes place L)The transformation of a chemical in the body to other chemicals for the purpose of facilitating its elimination from the body M)A substance that prevents the of clotting of the blood N)A detector in which a chemical reaction involving alcohol produces electricity O)The passage of alcohol across the wall of the stomach and small intestine into the bloodstream -Alveoli

The presence of high levels of carbon monoxide in the blood of a victim found at the scene of a suspicious fire is proof that the victim:

An alcoholic disinfectant should be applied to a subject's skin before drawing blood.

A breath test may be used to analyze:

Blood samples taken for alcohol testing must be taken only with the driver's consent according to:

A drug recognition expert (DRE) can:

The quantity and type of food present in the stomach at the time of drinking does not affect the rate at which alcohol is absorbed.

Explain the facts behind why a breath test for alcohol is an accurate representation of the alcohol content of the blood.